VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Leon Uris’s Exodus is a piece of fourth world
discourse. It not only traces the history of the establishment of the modern
state of Israel but also presents the saga of the fourth world people, the
Jews, to attain statehood. It traces the persecution of the Jewish people in
Europe, which sparked off waves of immigration to Palestine, epitomized in the
novel by the story of the Rabinsky brothers, Jossi and Yakov, the founding of
the Zionist movement, the establishment of Jewish settlements in Palestine and
throws light on the efforts made by Jews to sustain a Jewish state in
Palestine.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
In Teaching and learning Process, we have a
lot to choose from the world of modern technology: TV, CD Rom, Computers,
C.A.L.L., MALL, Internet, Electronic Dictionary, Email, Blogs and Audio
Cassettes, Power Point, Videos, DVD’s or VCD’s. The last two decades have
witnessed a revolution due to onset of technology, and has changed the dynamics
of educational institutes, and has also influenced the educational system and
the way people interact and work in the society. This rapid rising and
development of information technology has offered a better pattern to explore
the modern teaching model. Using modern technology to create a context to teach
new technology has its unique advantages. As a result technology plays a very
important role in teaching and learning process. According to the new national
curriculum innovations are in a successful outcome for the introduction of many
factors, the most important things are learning environment, which includes the
suitable equipment, place, space utilization, and the selection of learning
resources to support teaching and learning problem solving process, by creating
the best conditions for students.We are on the crossing of an age of
information. This will change of the universe no less than the industrial age.
Now it is more important that it would be accessible and available to everyone.
Also it’s essential to teach our children construction tools of this new
challenges. Teach them how to solve problems, and how to be passive
consumers.In order to make suitable atmosphere for children, it’s important to
take into consideration that modern technologies have the great role to this
process. . This paper tries to analyze the necessity of Modern technology to
teaching and learning process. It also aims to make teachers aware of the
strategies to use it in an effective manner.
Keywords ICT, Modern Technologies, Tool , Techniques ,
Electronic devices .
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Indian English fiction is the soul of Indian
Writing in English. This has received a special place among the readers here
and abroad. It is one of the popular genres of Indian Writing in English. It is
a major source for a systematic study of cultural change, with Indian
world-view as a focus. Indian Writing in English is incomplete without Indian
English fiction. It forms almost an integral part of English literature. The
Indian women novelists writing in English are now enjoying an increasing
popularity and prestige. They show how the modern Indian women attempt to free
themselves sexually, economically and domestically from the male-dominated
society. They are the major voices in India. They are the ‘New Women’. During
the last few decades, a large number of women novelists in Indian English
fiction have attracted a great deal of attention. Famous among them are Kamala
Markandaya, Ruth Praver Jhabwala, Divakarani, Nayantara Sahgal, Anita Desai,
Shobhaa De, Githa Hariharan, Jhumpa Lahiri, Shashi Deshpande, Bharati
Mukherjee, Kiran Desai, Arundhati Roy, Namita Gokhale, Anita Nair, Manju Kapur
and many more. These new voices of India are writing about themselves, their
own existence and struggle, their experiences in male-dominated society, their
‘self’.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
American literature is the literature written
or produced in English language in the United States. It existed as a broader
institution of the British literature, following its literary tradition. Black
American literature or African American Literature is considered as the body of
literature produced by the American writers of African descent which highlights
the main outcome of the slaves from slavery. Their themes mainly focused on
their life style and culture with special focus on slavery, racial
discrimination and exploitation that they experienced in their lives. There was
a vast distinction between the literature of freed slaves and the literature of
free blacks born in the North America. Freed slaves expressed their oppression
in a different narrative form. The central union war aimed to preserve the
United States as a nation and not to perish slavery. The scope of the study
dealt with the themes entangled in the novels of Maya Angelou.
Keywords: American,
British, Black American literature, slavery, racial discrimination.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Ecocriticism is unique amongst contemporary
literary and cultural theories because of its close relationship with the
science of ecology. Indeed, the widest definition of the subject of
ecocriticism is the study of the relationship of the human and the non-human,
throughout human cultural history and entailing critical analysis of the term
'human' itself. This paper will reflect these trends by giving space to both
literary and cultural ecocriticism. Ecocritics may not be qualified to
contribute to debates about problems in ecology, but they must nevertheless
transgress disciplinary boundaries and develop their own 'ecological literacy'
as far as possible. The paper provides brief discussions of some important
environmental threats faced by the world today. To consider these in detail, it
is essential for ecocritics to recognise that there are serious arguments about
the existence of the problems, their extent, the nature of the threat and the
possible solution to them.
Key Words Environment,
Pollution, Literature, Ecology, Nature, Culture
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Dalit literature encounters the troubles and
tortures forced upon the Dalit community both physically and mentally in the
name of caste. Unfortunately few Dalits are accepting the discrimination, but
some with the help of education, fights back for their rights and equality. In
the work Kisumbukkaran Bama brought out ten short stories which speak about
Dalit’s life and troubles they are facing in day to day by the upper caste
community. This paper attempts to bring out the constant efforts of Dalits to
create a identity against gentility with the help of education and other factors.
This paper speaks about the endeavourers from Dalit community.
Keywords: Mothalali, Flipped, Paraya, Annachi.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Anita Desai the well known Indian novelist has
portrayed the sensitivity and inner
feelings of the female characters in all her novels. Her female characters are
sensitive human beings, driven to the limits of the despair and live within a
confined structure. Complexities of man – women relationship were the themes of
her novels. She writes mostly on the tragic plight of women suffering under
men. Her works have a psychological bearing and they prove her to be an adept
at projecting the difficulties faced by her characters in shedding their fears
and insecurities, resulting in the rupture of their familial ties. Their
psychological turmoil creates psychic imbalances which in turn, handicap them
in establishing harmonies and gratifying interpersonal relationship feminine
sensibility gains an emphatic expression in her novels.
Keywords: reminiscences,
reconciliation, self-acceptance, patriarchal society, psychological turmoil,
marginalization.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Communicative language teaching makes use of
real-life situations that necessitate communication. The teacher sets up a
situation that students are likely to encounter in real life. Unlike the audio
lingual method of language teaching, which relies on repetition and drills, the
communicative approach can leave students in suspense as to the outcome of a
class exercise, which will vary according to their reactions and responses. The
real-life simulations change from day to day. Students' motivation to learn
comes from their desire to communicate in meaningful ways about meaningful
topics.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
American writing was formed by the historical
backdrop of the nation that created it. For just about a century and a half,
America was simply a gathering of settlements scattered along the eastern
seaboard of the North American mainland states from which a couple of strong
souls likely wandered westbound. After a fruitful resistance to the homeland,
America turned into the United States, a country. Materialism, additionally
called Physicals, in theory, the view that all certainties counting actualities
about the human personality and the course of mankind's history are causally
reliant upon physical procedures, or even reducible to them. Through the impact
of neurophysiology and furthermore computer science (the exploration of data
and control, which can be connected additionally to automata) the logical brain
research is likewise fitting great into the same unthinking plan.
Keywords: materialism, physicals, impact,
neurophysiology, exploration
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
There is a quoting in the
Holy bible by St Mark, stating that the stones which the builders rejected
became the cornerstone of the building, that was the Lord’s doing and it’s
amazing in our eyes .The one who is oppressed, the rejected stone, due to the
policies and systems that are developed on the needs of the elite will become
the corner stone of the world. All are God’s creation and people should realize
that even the most marginalized bear the image of God. Everybody has the right
to live the life in its fullness. This paper compares the Afro American oppression
in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye and Indian dalit oppression in Arundhati
Roy’s The God of small things. Both the novels use the themes of racism and
oppression to underscore the effects of post-slavery. Oppression of the
downtrodden is seen in every corner of the world. The literature of Afro
American is similar to dalit literature as both are records of the tragedy of
their respective histories .The different setting and era in each novel suggest
that the oppression and inequality had changed very little even after years
later. Dalit literature and African American literature makes the readers
understand their respective society and gives the answers of the fundamental
questions of life and dignity. The paper also focuses on the oppression of many
women who consider them as marginalized. Because of their gender, women are not
valued and not respected in the society all over the world. This tragedy is
examined through the works of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye and Arundhati
Roy’s The God of Small Things. Given that the two societies are different in
terms of place and time, it is understandable that there should be certain
limitations and differences in their literatures. On the other hand, there are
similarities too. This paper is the study of similarities in Toni Morrison’s
The Bluest Eye and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
India
has been a symbolic place of solace for the pilgrims since ages. Pilgrims have
wandered and suffered in the journey for the search of their soul. Not only the natives but the immigrants too
travel to different places of religious importance in India to quench their
thirst for truth and God. They migrate from the West to reach Ithaca, an
imaginary place of spiritual importance. We explore in this article the
experiences of these people who exchange religious and spiritual beliefs as
they travel in the light of diaspora writer Anita Desai’s novel Journey to
Ithaca. Our focus is to bring out how the fake masters or gurus misrepresent
the Indian culture, religion and spiritualism. In this article we have
discussed that the tricksters misguide the immigrant pilgrims for the sake of
money and sell Indian spirituality abroad to make their living. Nevertheless,
despite meeting all odds in the beginning, how the immigrant pilgrims find
their fulfilment later on and continue their quest for truth and god is argued
in this article.
Key-Words Solace, religion, spriritual fulfilment,
beliefs, thirst, quench, enlightenment, truth
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
The history of Indian women writers begins
with Toru Dutt and her unfinished novel Bianca or The Young Spanish Maiden.
Other women novelists and their novels of the earth period are Raj Laxmi Debi’s
The hindu Wife or The Enchanted Fruit (1876), Krupabai Sattinadhan’s Kamala, A
Story of Hindu Life (1894) and Saguna, A Story of Native Christian Life (1895).
Then there are Shavantibai Nikumber’s A Sketch of a Bombay High Caste Hindu
Wife (1896) and Calcutta Sorabjis works Love andLife Behind the Purdah (1901),
Sun babies: Studies in the Child Life of India (1904) and Between the Twilights
(1908).
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
In our own Indian history the quest motif is
prevalent in the form of deep search for identity in the great epic The
Mahabharta although this great epic deals not only with the theme of quest but
also reveals the unending exploration of humanity. It is also an expedition to
understand the significance of self and humankind's character in a universe
which is beyond its vision as well as understanding. Arjun, the hero of the
epic (or at least of The Bhagwad Gita), represents all humanity and he pines
for self-identification and self-realisation. He strives to bring order to the
everyday pandemonium of the human world. The quest for individual human's sense
of self is presented in the form of hero metaphor in which a larger- than-
life- figure takes on himself the symbolic search for identity.
VOL- 4 ; ISSUE- 5, PUNE RESEARCH - An International Journal in English (ISSN 2454-3454) JIF 3.02
Development
of languages is directly correlated to our ability to communicate with each
other and with the masses. English, a widely spoken language, has been
transformed over ages by many native languages and it has assimilated
interesting words and phrases making it richer and more appealing. This
transformation is further aided by the Internet, digital media, and related
innovations, which has necessitated expansion of vocabulary, use of language
and literary sense. This article seeks to explore subtle changes in the language
and literary trends and correlate it with instruments of modern communication
and information dissemination.